ProfitMaths guides

Understand the numbers behind your business.

Practical explanations and worked examples for pricing, margins, VAT and profit decisions.

Margin vs Markup: The Difference Explained

Understand why margin and markup are different, how to convert between them, and which one to use.

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How to Price a Product for Profit

A practical way to turn costs and a target margin into a sustainable selling price.

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How VAT Works on Selling Prices

Learn how to add and remove VAT correctly and why simply subtracting 20% can be wrong.

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How Discounts Affect Profit

See why a small discount can cause a much larger drop in profit and how to assess a promotion.

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How to Calculate Your Break-even Point

Turn fixed costs and contribution per sale into the number of sales needed to cover costs.

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Setting a Realistic Profit Target

Translate a desired profit into required sales volume without losing sight of costs and capacity.

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How to Set Wholesale Prices

Build a wholesale price that leaves room for both your business and the retailer to earn a margin.

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A Simple Business Pricing Checklist

Seven things to check before settling on a product or service price.

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How to Price a Service for Profit

Turn time, overhead and capacity into a sustainable service price.

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Gross Profit vs Net Profit

Understand the difference between profit on a sale and profit after running the business.

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Contribution Margin Explained

Learn how contribution helps with break-even, pricing and target-profit decisions.

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How to Calculate ROI

A straightforward guide to return on investment for business decisions.

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How to Raise Prices Without Guessing

Model a price increase using margin, customer value and sales-volume scenarios.

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Average Order Value: A Practical Guide

Understand AOV and how it connects to revenue and profitability.

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How to Calculate Cost Per Unit

Spread production costs sensibly across the units your business makes.

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How to Measure Sales Growth

Calculate growth correctly and put percentage changes in context.

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How Commission Changes Your Real Selling Price

Understand the impact of commissions on revenue and margin.

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Small Business Pricing: A Practical Framework

A reusable framework for setting prices without relying on guesswork.

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A Beginner’s Guide to Unit Economics

Use revenue, variable cost and contribution per customer or sale to understand a business model.

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How Many Sales Do I Need to Hit My Goal?

Translate a revenue or profit target into an actionable sales number.

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How Payment Fees Affect Your Margin

Account for card and transaction fees when modelling product profitability.

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When Should You Use Margin or Markup?

Choose the right percentage for pricing, reporting and supplier conversations.

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Pricing Scenario Planning for Small Businesses

Compare price, volume and cost scenarios before making a change.

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Revenue vs Profit: What Business Owners Should Track

Why growing sales does not always mean growing profit.

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